ITLS - International Trauma Life Support Pediatric Trauma Considerations Questions and Answers

Question 1

The Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT) is a rapid assessment tool used to form a general impression of a sick child. Which of the following are the three components of the PAT?

Accepted Answer

Appearance, Work of Breathing, Circulation to Skin

Answer

Airway, Breathing, Circulation

Answer

Level of Consciousness, Motor Response, Pupil Reaction

Answer

Heart Rate, Respiratory Rate, Blood Pressure

Question 2

When positioning an infant trauma patient for airway management, what modification is often necessary to achieve a neutral airway alignment?

Accepted Answer

Placing padding under the shoulders and torso.

Answer

Placing a large roll under the neck to achieve hyperextension.

Answer

Flexing the head forward onto the chest to open the posterior pharynx.

Answer

Turning the head to the side to allow for drainage.

Question 3

A 5-year-old child weighing 20 kg is in decompensated hemorrhagic shock following blunt abdominal trauma. According to ITLS guidelines, what is the correct initial isotonic crystalloid fluid bolus?

Accepted Answer

A 400 mL bolus (20 mL/kg) administered as quickly as possible.

Answer

A 1,000 mL bolus administered over 30 minutes.

Answer

A 200 mL bolus (10 mL/kg) administered as quickly as possible.

Answer

A 500 mL bolus administered as quickly as possible.

Question 4

Which of the following best describes a key physiological difference in how children compensate for hemorrhagic shock compared to adults?

Accepted Answer

Children can maintain a normal blood pressure despite significant blood loss.

Answer

Children become hypotensive very early in the shock process.

Answer

Bradycardia is the primary and most reliable initial sign of shock.

Answer

Peripheral vasodilation is the main compensatory mechanism.

Question 5

A 6-year-old pedestrian is struck by a motor vehicle. The provider should maintain a high index of suspicion for Waddell's Triad, which is a classic pattern of injuries consisting of:

Accepted Answer

Femur fracture, intra-abdominal/thoracic injury, and contralateral head injury.

Answer

Head injury, cervical spine fracture, and pelvic fracture.

Answer

Bilateral femur fractures and a significant chest injury.

Answer

Clavicle fracture, splenic laceration, and closed head injury.

Question 6

A 7-year-old falls off his bicycle, striking the handlebar directly into his upper abdomen. He is now tachycardic, pale, and has significant epigastric tenderness. In pediatric blunt abdominal trauma, which solid organ is most frequently injured?

Accepted Answer

Spleen

Answer

Bladder

Answer

Pancreas

Answer

Kidneys

The Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT) is a rapid assessment tool used to form a general impression of a sick child.Which of the following are the three components of the PAT?

The Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT) is a rapid assessment tool used to form a general impression of a sick child.
Which of the following are the three components of the PAT?