Oral Medicine and Oral Pathology Flashcards
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Read the first 7 Oral Medicine and Oral Pathology flashcards as text
Which odontogenic cyst has the highest recurrence rate due to an aggressive, thin-walled epithelial lining that produces keratin?
Answer: Odontogenic keratocyst
The odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) has a high recurrence rate (25–60%) because its thin, friable parakeratinized epithelial lining is prone to incomplete removal and satellite cyst formation.
A patient presents with multiple basal cell carcinomas, calcified falx cerebri, and odontogenic keratocysts of the jaw. What syndrome is present?
Answer: Gorlin-Goltz syndrome
Gorlin-Goltz (nevoid basal cell carcinoma) syndrome is characterized by multiple OKCs of the jaws, basal cell nevi/carcinomas, and calcification of the falx cerebri.
Which type of lichen planus carries the highest risk of malignant transformation?
Answer: Erosive lichen planus
Erosive (atrophic/ulcerative) lichen planus has the greatest malignant potential among lichen planus variants, with an estimated 0.5–2% risk of transformation to squamous cell carcinoma.
A painless, slow-growing mass at the angle of the mandible in a 60-year-old is found to contain perineural invasion on biopsy. Which salivary gland tumor is most likely?
Answer: Adenoid cystic carcinoma
Adenoid cystic carcinoma is notorious for perineural invasion and spread, explaining pain or facial nerve symptoms despite its deceptively slow growth.
Which bone disease presents radiographically as a 'ground glass' or 'orange peel' appearance and results from replacement of normal bone with fibrous connective tissue?
Answer: Fibrous dysplasia
Fibrous dysplasia replaces normal medullary bone with fibrous connective tissue containing woven bone trabeculae, producing the classic ground-glass radiographic pattern.
A 5-year-old child presents with bilateral jaw swelling causing an upward gaze appearance. Radiographs show multilocular radiolucencies. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Answer: Cherubism
Cherubism is an autosomal dominant condition causing bilateral fibrous replacement of jaw bone in childhood, producing multilocular radiolucencies and the characteristic upward gaze due to orbital floor involvement.
Pemphigus vulgaris is caused by autoantibodies directed against which target?
Answer: Desmoglein 3
Pemphigus vulgaris results from IgG autoantibodies against desmoglein 3 (and desmoglein 1 in skin involvement), disrupting keratinocyte adhesion and causing intraepithelial blistering.