Mixed Deck — All ICT Topics Flashcards

A user's keyboard types the wrong characters (e.g., pressing 'a' produces 'q'). What is the MOST likely cause?

Answer: Incorrect keyboard language/layout is selected

An incorrect keyboard layout setting (e.g., QWERTY vs AZERTY) causes keys to produce different characters than labeled.

What distinguishes RAM from ROM?

Answer: RAM is volatile; ROM is non-volatile

RAM is volatile memory that loses its data when power is removed, while ROM is non-volatile and retains data without power.

A software development team uses a system to track changes to their source code. This system allows multiple developers to work on the same project simultaneously, merge their changes, and revert to previous versions if a bug is introduced. What is this type of system called?

Answer: A Version Control System (VCS).

A Version Control System (VCS), such as Git or SVN, is specifically designed to manage and track changes to files, particularly source code, over time. Key features include allowing multiple users to collaborate, tracking every modification, and providing the ability to revert to earlier versions, which is essential for effective software development.

Which application is the most effective for writing letters?

Answer: Microsoft Word

Microsoft Word is a dedicated word processing application specifically designed for creating, editing, formatting, and printing text-based documents, including letters. It offers a comprehensive set of features for professional document creation, such as spell check, grammar check, and various formatting options. While other options exist, Word is the most widely recognized and effective tool for this purpose.

Which of the following is a primary characteristic of a Unified Communications (UC) platform?

Answer: It integrates various communication tools like instant messaging, voice, and video conferencing into a single interface.

Unified Communications (UC) integrates multiple communication methods—such as instant messaging, voice (VoIP), video conferencing, and email—into a single, cohesive platform. This consolidation eliminates the need to switch between different applications, thereby streamlining communication and enhancing productivity.

Which of the following is a best practice when using a shared team calendar?

Answer: Add detailed descriptions to events so colleagues understand context

Adding clear descriptions, agendas, and relevant details to calendar events helps all participants prepare and reduces confusion.

Which technology underlies most Linux container solutions by isolating processes using kernel namespaces and cgroups?

Answer: LXC/LXD and Docker

LXC and Docker use Linux kernel namespaces for isolation and cgroups to limit resource usage per container.

What is the function of an operating system's kernel?

Answer: Serve as the core that manages hardware resources and system processes

The kernel is the core component of an OS that manages CPU, memory, and I/O devices, bridging hardware and software.

A user reports that their system has become unstable, with applications frequently crashing, immediately after they updated their graphics card driver. Which of the following is the most appropriate and least invasive first step to resolve the issue?

Answer: Roll back the graphics driver to the previous version.

Since the instability began directly after a driver update, the most logical first step is to undo that specific change. Operating systems like Windows have a built-in 'Roll Back Driver' feature in the Device Manager, which uninstalls the current driver and reinstalls the previously used one, often resolving compatibility issues.

What is the primary purpose of the Presentation layer in the OSI model?

Answer: Data encryption, compression, and format translation

The Presentation layer (Layer 6) handles data formatting, encryption, and compression so the Application layer can interpret the data.

Peripheral gadgets include things like

Answer: All mentioned below

Peripheral gadgets are external devices that connect to a computer system to expand its functionality or facilitate user interaction. A monitor (output device), keyboard (input device), and mouse (input device) are all classic examples of peripheral devices. They are not part of the core processing unit but are essential for a complete computer experience.

Which database model stores data as collections of key-value pairs, documents, or graphs?

Answer: NoSQL database

NoSQL databases use non-tabular storage models such as key-value, document, column-family, or graph formats.

What does 'technical debt' refer to in software development?

Answer: The accumulated cost of shortcuts and suboptimal code decisions

Technical debt represents the future cost of rework required because quick, easy solutions were chosen over better long-term approaches.

What is the main advantage of using a solid-state drive (SSD) over a traditional hard disk drive (HDD)?

Answer: Faster read/write speeds with no moving parts

SSDs use flash memory with no mechanical moving parts, resulting in significantly faster data access speeds than HDDs.

What does 'dead code' refer to in software development?

Answer: Code that is never executed or reachable during normal program execution

Dead code is source code that is never executed at runtime, often because it is unreachable or its results are never used.

What is 'Infrastructure as Code' (IaC) in the context of cloud computing?

Answer: Managing and provisioning cloud infrastructure through machine-readable configuration files

IaC (e.g., Terraform, CloudFormation) lets you define and version infrastructure in code for repeatable, automated deployments.

An IoT temperature sensor needs to transmit data over several miles with very low power. Which LPWAN technology is most appropriate?

Answer: LoRaWAN

LoRaWAN (Long Range Wide Area Network) supports long-range transmission (up to 15+ km) with extremely low power consumption, ideal for remote IoT sensors.

A user reports that their new wireless mouse is not working. The mouse is powered on, and the correct software is installed. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of the issue?

Answer: The USB receiver is not properly plugged into the computer.

For a wireless mouse to function, its USB receiver must be securely connected to a USB port on the computer to establish a communication link. The monitor resolution, power supply health (if the computer is on), and keyboard connection are unrelated to the functionality of a wireless mouse.

Which type of join returns only rows where there is a match in both tables?

Answer: INNER JOIN

An INNER JOIN returns only the rows that have matching values in both joined tables.

What is the function of a router in a network?

Answer: Direct data packets between networks

A router directs data packets between different networks, determining the best path for data to travel.