RRB (Computer Knowledge) Flashcards

1. When you install a peripheral, you usually need to install a ________ as well.

Answer: driver

A driver is a software program that allows a computer to communicate with a hardware device or peripheral. When you install a new peripheral like a printer or scanner, the operating system needs a specific driver to understand and control that device, enabling it to function correctly.

2. Which part of the computer is directly invoked when the computer program's instructions are executed?

Answer: Processor

The processor, also known as the Central Processing Unit (CPU), is the "brain" of the computer. It is responsible for executing instructions from computer programs, performing arithmetic, logical, and input/output operations. Without the processor, programs cannot be run.

3. A set of rules that computers on a network use to communicate with one another are

Answer: Protocol

A protocol is a set of formal rules and procedures that govern how data is transmitted and exchanged between devices on a network. These rules ensure that all devices can understand and communicate with each other effectively, allowing for seamless data transfer.

4. White Box testing is a software testing technique that is also known as ________.

Answer: Glass box testing

White Box testing is a software testing technique that examines the internal structure, design, and coding of a system. It is also commonly known as "Glass Box testing" because the tester has full visibility into the system's internal workings, unlike "Black Box testing" where the internal structure is unknown.

5. Fifth-generation computing devices that are based on _________.

Answer: artificial intelligence

Fifth-generation computing devices are characterized by their focus on artificial intelligence (AI). This generation aims to develop computers that can understand natural language, learn, make decisions, and solve problems, mimicking human intelligence.

6. A suitable data structure for the application is discussed in _________.

Answer: Data design

Data design in software engineering focuses on defining the data structures and data models required by the software. This includes determining how data will be stored, accessed, and manipulated, making it the appropriate stage to discuss suitable data structures for an application.

7. What does OSI mean in terms of computers?

Answer: Open System Interconnection

OSI stands for Open System Interconnection. It is a conceptual model that characterizes and standardizes the communication functions of a telecommunication or computing system without regard to their underlying internal structure and technology. It divides network communication into seven distinct layers.

8. A program that loads programs into main memory and prepares them for execution____.

Answer: Loader

A loader is a system program that takes an executable program from secondary storage (like a hard drive) and places it into the main memory (RAM) for execution. It also prepares the program for execution by resolving addresses and linking necessary libraries.

9. Login name and password verification is referred to as_____.

Answer: authentication

Authentication is the process of verifying the identity of a user, system, or entity. When you enter a login name and password, the system checks if these credentials match its records, thereby authenticating your identity and granting access.

10. What is an example of an e-mail address?

Answer: abcd@gmail.com

A valid email address typically consists of a local part (username), followed by an "@" symbol, and then a domain name. Option C, "abcd@gmail.com," correctly follows this standard format, with "abcd" as the username and "gmail.com" as the domain. The other options are missing the "@" symbol or have incorrect formatting.

11. Which of the following search engines places the greatest emphasis on the privacy and ubiquity of its results?

Answer: DuckDuckGo

DuckDuckGo is a search engine specifically known for its strong emphasis on user privacy. Unlike many other search engines, it does not track users' search history, IP addresses, or personal information, aiming to provide unbiased search results without personalized filtering.

12. Which of the following protocols is a popular communication protocol used for network communication that divides any message into a series of packets?

Answer: Transmission Control Protocol

The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is a core protocol of the Internet protocol suite. It is responsible for breaking down messages into smaller packets, transmitting them across the network, and reassembling them in the correct order at the destination, ensuring reliable and ordered delivery of data.

13. Composite Key is another name for _________.

Answer: Compound Keys

A Composite Key, also known as a Compound Key, is a candidate key that consists of two or more attributes (columns) that uniquely identify each record in a table. No single attribute within the composite key can uniquely identify the record on its own; it's the combination of attributes that provides uniqueness.

14. CAPTCHA is a security measure that distinguishes humans from computers. What does the letter 'T' in CAPTCHA stand for?

Answer: Turing

CAPTCHA stands for 'Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart.' The 'T' specifically refers to the Turing Test, a concept developed by Alan Turing, which assesses a machine's ability to exhibit intelligent behavior indistinguishable from that of a human. Therefore, the 'T' in CAPTCHA directly references this foundational concept in artificial intelligence.

15. A blue screen of death (BSoD) is an error screen that appears on Windows computers after a fatal system error. What does the letter 'S' in BSoD stand for?

Answer: Screen

BSoD is an acronym for 'Blue Screen of Death.' This error message is displayed on the computer's screen when a critical system error occurs, indicating a fatal crash. The 'S' in BSoD explicitly stands for 'Screen,' referring to the visual display where this critical error notification appears.

16. Which of the following refers to the set of rules in a programming language that defines the combinations of symbols that are considered to be correctly structured statements in that language?

Answer: Syntax

In programming, syntax refers to the set of rules that define the correct structure and combination of symbols, keywords, and operators in a particular language. These rules dictate how statements must be written to be considered grammatically correct and understandable by the compiler or interpreter. Without correct syntax, a program cannot be successfully executed.

17. Choose one of the following as an example of Hardware: I. Mouse II. CPU III. Keyboard IV. Printer

Answer: I, II, III and IV

Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer system that can be touched and seen. A mouse, CPU (Central Processing Unit), keyboard, and printer are all tangible electronic devices essential for a computer's operation. They represent the physical infrastructure, distinguishing them from software, which is the set of instructions.

18. Who is considered as the Founder of the Modern Digital Computer?

Answer: Charles Babbage

Charles Babbage is widely regarded as the 'Father of the Computer' for his conceptual design of the Analytical Engine in the 19th century. This machine incorporated many features of modern digital computers, including a programmable design, an arithmetic logic unit, and integrated memory. His pioneering work laid the theoretical groundwork for subsequent computer development.

19. Permanently installed software in electronic devices that controls the basic functions of hardware is referred to as _________.

Answer: Firmware

Firmware is a specific type of software permanently embedded into hardware devices, providing low-level control for the device's specific hardware. It acts as an intermediary, enabling the hardware to perform its basic functions and communicate with other software or components. Examples include the BIOS in a computer or the operating system of a router.

20. Choose the input device that copies from paper into a computer from the list below.

Answer: Scanner

A scanner is an input device specifically designed to convert physical documents or images into digital data that can be stored and processed by a computer. It works by optically reading the content from paper and transforming it into a digital file. Printers, in contrast, are output devices, and OCR/OMR are technologies often used *with* scanners, not the devices themselves for copying.