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SQL Database Flashcards

7 cards from real IBM Certification practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 SQL Database flashcards as text

  1. Which SQL statement is used to change the structure of an existing table by adding a column?

    Answer: ALTER TABLE

    ALTER TABLE ... ADD COLUMN modifies an existing table's schema without dropping and recreating it.

  2. In IBM Db2, what is a tablespace?

    Answer: A storage structure that maps database objects to physical storage

    A tablespace is a logical storage container that maps database tables and indexes to specific physical storage locations or storage groups.

  3. What is the purpose of the SQL EXCEPT operator?

    Answer: Returns rows from the first result set not present in the second

    EXCEPT returns distinct rows from the first SELECT that do not appear in the second SELECT's result set (called MINUS in some databases).

  4. Which normal form eliminates transitive dependencies among non-key attributes?

    Answer: Third Normal Form (3NF)

    Third Normal Form (3NF) requires that no non-key attribute is transitively dependent on the primary key through another non-key attribute.

  5. In SQL, what does a FULL OUTER JOIN return?

    Answer: All rows from both tables with NULLs where there is no match

    A FULL OUTER JOIN returns all rows from both tables; unmatched rows from either side have NULL values in the columns of the other table.

  6. What does the SQL TRUNCATE TABLE statement do compared to DELETE?

    Answer: Removes all rows faster with no WHERE support and typically cannot be rolled back

    TRUNCATE TABLE removes all rows very quickly by deallocating data pages, does not support WHERE, and in most databases cannot be rolled back.

  7. Which concept describes the ability of a database to ensure that only complete transactions are recorded?

    Answer: Atomicity

    Atomicity (the A in ACID) guarantees that a transaction is treated as a single unit — either all operations succeed or none are applied.