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Maternal and Infant Pathology Flashcards

6 cards from real IBCLC practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 6 Maternal and Infant Pathology flashcards as text

  1. A breastfeeding mother presents with a red, wedge-shaped area on her breast, fever of 38.5C, and flu-like symptoms. What is the most likely diagnosis?

    Answer: Lactational mastitis

    The combination of a localized red, wedge-shaped area with systemic symptoms is the classic presentation of lactational mastitis.

  2. An infant is diagnosed with ankyloglossia (tongue-tie). Which assessment tool is commonly used to evaluate its impact on breastfeeding?

    Answer: The Hazelbaker Assessment Tool for Lingual Frenulum Function (HATLFF)

    The HATLFF specifically evaluates both the appearance and function of the lingual frenulum.

  3. A mother with HIV infection in a high-income country asks about breastfeeding. What is the current recommendation?

    Answer: In high-income countries, formula feeding is generally recommended to eliminate the risk of HIV transmission through breast milk

    In high-income countries with access to safe water and affordable formula, avoidance of breastfeeding is generally recommended.

  4. What is the most common cause of neonatal jaundice in the first week, and how should breastfeeding be managed?

    Answer: Physiological jaundice exacerbated by insufficient breastfeeding; increase breastfeeding frequency

    Early-onset neonatal jaundice is most commonly physiological, often worsened by suboptimal breastfeeding. Increasing breastfeeding frequency is the primary management.

  5. A mother develops Raynaud's phenomenon of the nipple with severe blanching and pain after breastfeeding. What is the pathophysiology?

    Answer: Vasospasm of the nipple blood vessels in response to cold or compression, causing ischemia and pain

    Raynaud's phenomenon involves vasospasm causing characteristic triphasic color changes (white, blue, red) and significant pain.

  6. An infant with Pierre Robin sequence is having difficulty breastfeeding. What are the primary anatomical features that complicate feeding?

    Answer: Micrognathia (small jaw), glossoptosis (posterior displacement of the tongue), and often a U-shaped cleft palate

    Pierre Robin sequence involves a triad of micrognathia, glossoptosis, and frequently a U-shaped cleft palate, all significantly impairing feeding.