Nutrition & Dietary Management Flashcards
6 cards from real Healthcare and Nursing practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Nutrition & Dietary Management flashcards as text
Which vitamin deficiency is most commonly associated with night blindness?
Answer: Vitamin A
Vitamin A deficiency impairs rhodopsin production in the retina, leading to difficulty seeing in low light (night blindness).
A patient on a renal diet should restrict intake of which electrolyte to prevent hyperkalemia?
Answer: Potassium
Patients with chronic kidney disease must limit potassium intake because impaired kidneys cannot adequately excrete it, leading to hyperkalemia.
Which type of therapeutic diet is indicated for a patient with dysphagia?
Answer: Mechanical soft diet
A mechanical soft diet consists of foods that are easy to chew and swallow, reducing aspiration risk in patients with dysphagia.
What is the primary purpose of a clear liquid diet in the postoperative period?
Answer: To rest the gastrointestinal tract and prevent aspiration
Clear liquids are easy to digest and minimize GI stress while reducing aspiration risk as peristalsis resumes after surgery.
A patient with Type 2 diabetes is following a carbohydrate-controlled diet. Which food choice is most appropriate?
Answer: Brown rice
Brown rice has a lower glycemic index and more fiber than refined carbohydrates, leading to a slower rise in blood glucose.
Which nutritional deficiency is most commonly seen in patients following strict vegan diets without supplementation?
Answer: Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 is found almost exclusively in animal products, so vegans are at high risk for deficiency without supplementation or fortified foods.