Nutrition & Dietary Management Flashcards
6 cards from real Healthcare and Nursing practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Nutrition & Dietary Management flashcards as text
When teaching a patient on warfarin therapy, the nurse should advise consistency with intake of which nutrient?
Answer: Vitamin K
Vitamin K antagonizes warfarin's anticoagulant effect, so inconsistent intake (especially of leafy greens) causes fluctuating INR levels.
Which electrolyte imbalance is a common complication of nasogastric tube feeding (enteral nutrition)?
Answer: Refeeding syndrome causing hypophosphatemia
Refeeding syndrome occurs when nutrition is reintroduced to a malnourished patient, causing a rapid intracellular shift of phosphate and resulting in hypophosphatemia.
A patient has a pressure ulcer. Which nutrient is most important to emphasize in nutritional support?
Answer: Protein
Adequate protein intake is critical for tissue repair, collagen synthesis, and immune defense needed for pressure ulcer healing.
Which assessment finding indicates a patient requires nutritional screening?
Answer: Unintentional weight loss of >5% in one month
Unintentional weight loss exceeding 5% of body weight in one month is a red flag for malnutrition and triggers formal nutritional assessment.
A patient with heart failure is placed on a sodium-restricted diet. What is the primary reason for this restriction?
Answer: To reduce fluid retention and decrease cardiac workload
Sodium promotes water retention; limiting sodium intake reduces fluid overload, decreasing preload and easing the workload on the failing heart.
Which route of nutrition is preferred when a patient's GI tract is functional but oral intake is insufficient?
Answer: Enteral nutrition via feeding tube
Enteral nutrition maintains gut integrity and is safer and more physiologic than parenteral routes when the GI tract is functioning.