Object-Oriented Programming Basics Flashcards

Which method is automatically called when an object is created from a class?

Answer: __init__

__init__ is the initializer method called automatically after object creation to set up instance attributes.

What does the 'self' parameter in an instance method refer to?

Answer: The current instance of the class

'self' refers to the current instance of the class, allowing access to instance attributes and methods.

What will the following code output? class Dog: def __init__(self, name): self.name = name d = Dog('Rex') print(d.name)

Answer: Rex

d.name accesses the instance attribute 'name' set during __init__, which was given the value 'Rex'.

Which keyword is used to inherit from a parent class in Python?

Answer: The parent class is passed in parentheses

Python uses class ChildClass(ParentClass): syntax — the parent class name is placed in parentheses after the child class name.

What is a class attribute vs an instance attribute?

Answer: Class attributes are shared by all instances; instance attributes are unique per object

Class attributes are defined at the class level and shared across all instances, while instance attributes are set per object via self.

Which built-in function returns the class (type) of an object?

Answer: type()

type(obj) returns the class of obj; e.g., type(42) returns .

What does 'encapsulation' mean in OOP?

Answer: Data and methods are bundled together, with controlled access

Encapsulation bundles data and the methods that operate on it inside a class, hiding internal details from outside code.