Test (Analytical Writing) Flashcards

Which of these is the proposition explanation for the section, as a whole? The following is part of a sample prompt for the Analyze an Argument task.

Answer: Sentence 4 states a logical consequence of the fact conveyed in sentence 3

This question refers to the logical structure of an argument. When sentence 4 states a logical consequence of sentence 3, it means that if sentence 3 is true, then sentence 4 must also be true or is a direct, reasonable outcome that follows from the information in sentence 3. This relationship is often seen in analytical writing where a premise (sentence 3) leads directly to a conclusion or implication (sentence 4), forming a coherent logical flow within the argument.

Which of the following would be a good thesis statement for an essay with this paragraph in it? The following is a sample body paragraph for the “analyze an argument” task. The argument being analyzed supports requiring undergraduate students to study abroad.

Answer: This argument makes a case for the benefits of studying abroad, but does not convincingly argue that these benefits will be worth it for all students.

The paragraph is critical of the author’s argument, stating that it does not fully address problems with the need to study abroad. Thus, it is likely that the essay as a whole is also critical of the argument. This thesis statement makes a case for the overall weakness of the argument in general terms.

What might we anticipate the paragraph quickly preceding this one to do? The following is a sample body paragraph for the “analyze an argument” task. The argument being analyzed supports requiring undergraduate students to study abroad.

Answer: Argue that studying abroad for a semester is more expensive than staying at one’s home college, and give examples of added costs.

This question asks you to think about effective organization of paragraphs. This paragraph argues that scholarships would not be enough to cover added costs of study abroad. For this fact to be relevant, we would have to be sure that those added costs exist. Thus it would be effective for the paragraph before this one to establish this claim.

Which of the following facts, if provided in the paragraph, might support the author's case? The following is a sample body paragraph for the “analyze an argument” task. The argument being analyzed supports requiring undergraduate students to study abroad.

Answer: Statistics detailing what proportion of current study-abroad students received scholarships.

The author of the sample paragraph supports her argument with a claim that there will not be enough scholarships for all low-income students. This seems likely but is not supported with evidence. If the author could provide evidence that there is currently little scholarship money available for study abroad, this would support the claim.

In this paragraph, which of the following writing strategies is not utilized to enhance the author's argument? The following is a sample body paragraph for the “analyze an argument” task. The argument being analyzed supports requiring undergraduate students to study abroad.

Answer: analogy

An analogy is a logical comparison between two subjects, intended to make certain features of the topic at hand more clear. The passage contains no analogies, but does contain sentences of various lengths, a topic sentence (“The author…does not fully address the impact of mandatory study abroad on students from poor backgrounds”) and a paraphrase of the original argument (“the author does state that the extra cost of studying abroad could be made up through scholarships”).

Which of the following assertations, in the event that made within the contention being talked about, would most altogether decrease the enticement of this paragraph? The following is a sample body paragraph for the “analyze an argument” task. The argument being analyzed supports requiring undergraduate students to study abroad.

Answer: Those interested in studying abroad should apply for available scholarships as early as possible as they can help many needy students achieve their dream of studying abroad.

The sample paragraph suggests that scholarships are an inadequate way to cover the costs of studying abroad. To assert that students should apply for a scholarship early to help them pay for the experience undermines the persuasive stance that something more than scholarships is required to allow students to participate in a study abroad program.

What is the reason for the opening paragraph of this passage? The following is part of a sample prompt for the Analyze an Argument task.

Answer: to provide support for the main point by establishing that skipping needed medical care is common

The passage’s main point is that assistance should be provided for people who cannot afford medical care. Rather than open with this claim, the author begins by setting up a supporting point, that people who cannot afford healthcare often skip going to the doctor. This example reverses the more common practice of stating the thesis in the first paragraph. Writers sometimes try to establish a connection with the reader before presenting the main point of the argument.

Which of these is the proposition explanation for the section, as a whole? The following is part of a sample prompt for the Analyze an Argument task.

Answer: “Now, more than ever, people need assistance in taking care of their health and the health of their families.”

The thesis of a persuasive essay is most often a statement of value or an argument about what should be done. To support this claim, an author will use facts. In this passage, the author uses facts about the healthcare system to persuade the reader that there is a problem, before offering a thesis about the type of solution that is needed.

Which of the following would be a successful thesis articulation for an exposition analyzing this argument? The following is part of a sample prompt for the Analyze an Argument task.

Answer: The author of this essay makes a persuasive case for government assistance by citing the harm that occurs when people do not have the resources to get the care they need.

This sample thesis statement not only makes a claim about the value of the argument, but it also identifies what the argument author is doing (supporting assistance programs) and how the author is doing it (by citing a problem that assistance programs could solve). This thesis is specific enough without getting hung up on one part of the argument.

Which of the following pieces of data, in the event presented in the entry, may strengthen the argument? The following is part of a sample prompt for the Analyze an Argument task.

Answer: an example of a medical condition that becomes more serious and costly if it is not treated promptly

While the author states that forgoing treatment can cause worse problems down the road, this is not supported with evidence or examples. Most readers will believe the claim anyway, but providing an example could make the claim more persuasive and emotionally engaging.

Which of the following studies of the argument would be most substantial in the event that made in an analysis paper? The following is part of a sample prompt for the Analyze an Argument task.

Answer: The author does not state whether there are any potential solutions that do not involve government assistance programs.

Overall, the passage moves from identifying a problem and providing evidence that it exists to arguing for a certain type of solution. If other types of solutions could address the problem equally well, failing to address them would be a potential weakness in the author’s line of reasoning.

Which of the following GRE Analytical Writing scoring statements applies to this passage? The following is a sample conclusion paragraph for an issue essay addressing this prompt:

Answer: is weak in the use of relevant reasons or examples or relies largely on unsupported claims

The sample paragraph is flawed because it claims to argue for the position that corporations do not have a responsibility to society, but the reasons given do not effectively support that argument. Sentence 4 simply restates the thesis, and sentence 3 is a faulty argument because there is no reason a corporation cannot aspire to both make money and be socially responsible.

Which of these flaws in thinking or expression do not show up within the passage? The following is a sample conclusion paragraph for an issue essay addressing this prompt:

Answer: lack of topic sentence

The paragraph does contain a clear topic sentence, sentence 1. Sentence 1 also contains an example of wordy language. The three reasons provided do not support the claim because it is unlikely that being socially responsible would prevent companies from making any money. Sentence 2 states that the paragraph is simply restating points from earlier paragraphs.

Which of the sentences within the entry is an case of circular reasoning? The following is a sample conclusion paragraph for an issue essay addressing this prompt:

Answer: 4

Circular reasoning means that an author uses a particular claim as evidence for that same claim. In this case, the author uses the argument that “it is not the corporations’ job to help the society” to defend a thesis that basically says the same thing.

Which of the following modifying strategies would make the passage more effective? The following is a sample conclusion paragraph for an issue essay addressing this prompt:

Answer: Eliminate sentence 2 and replace sentences 3 through 5 with a single example that proves the author’s points.

Sentence 2 does not add any new information to the argument. Rather than using a conclusion paragraph to restate main ideas, it can be more effective to introduce new information that exemplifies what you are trying to say.

Which of the following modifies would move forward sentence 1 within the passage? The following is a sample conclusion paragraph for an issue essay addressing this prompt:

Answer: Ultimately, corporations’ top responsibility is to the shareholders.

The paragraph as written contains unnecessary phrases like “in society” and overly formal language like “thus” that is eliminated in the rewrite. The word ultimately” is a synonym for *conclusively, which implies a summation of the previous information.

What should the essay's following paragraph be about?

Answer: explaining what dietary therapy is and how it works

Since the thesis statement focuses on another treatment option for ADHD, it would make the most sense if next paragraph explained that treatment option.

What is the point of sentence 5?

Answer: Sentence 5 shifts the reader to consider another treatment option for ADHD; it serves as the thesis statement for the essay.

The transition word however denotes a shift. In this case, a variety of treatment options are listed, and then the “however statement” suggests that the list is not complete and gives one option that may be overlooked.

What would be a more effective approach to structure this paragraph?

Answer: Combine sentences 2 and 3.

Sentence 3 is an incomplete sentence and should be joined to sentence 2 with a comma.

Which of the following facts would strengthen the author's argument if included in the essay?

Answer: A diet high in vitamins and lean, healthy protein helps the brain make neurotransmitters, which are the chemicals released by brain cells to communicate with each other, and helps prevent surges in blood sugar that increase hyperactivity.

This fact would help to support the idea that diet and nutrition can play a role in managing ADHD symptoms.