GI Nutrition & Gut Health 5

Question 1

Which test is considered the gold standard for diagnosing small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO)?

Accepted Answer

Jejunal aspirate culture (>10^3 CFU/mL)

Answer

Hydrogen breath test

Answer

Fecal microbiome analysis

Answer

Serum D-lactate level

Question 2

A patient with Crohn's disease affecting the terminal ileum is at highest risk for deficiency of which nutrient?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin B12

Answer

Folate

Answer

Thiamine

Answer

Riboflavin

Question 3

Which dietary modification is most beneficial for patients with gastroparesis?

Accepted Answer

Small, frequent, low-fat and low-fiber meals

Answer

High-fat, high-fiber meals eaten twice daily

Answer

High-protein liquid meals only

Answer

High-fiber diet to stimulate gastric motility

Question 4

Niacin deficiency (pellagra) can occur in patients with carcinoid syndrome due to excess conversion of tryptophan to which substance?

Accepted Answer

Serotonin

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Histamine

Answer

Substance P

Question 5

In a patient with newly diagnosed Wilson's disease, which dietary modification is recommended?

Accepted Answer

Low-copper diet (avoid shellfish, liver, nuts, chocolate)

Answer

Low-sodium diet

Answer

Low-iron diet

Answer

High-zinc, low-protein diet

Question 6

Which mechanism explains why resistant starch improves glycemic control beyond its role as a dietary fiber?

Accepted Answer

It undergoes colonic fermentation producing SCFAs that improve insulin sensitivity

Answer

It directly inhibits pancreatic amylase secretion

Answer

It reduces gastric acid production

Answer

It binds glucose in the small intestine

Question 7

Which nutritional deficiency is most commonly associated with a 'beefy red' smooth (atrophic) tongue (glossitis)?

Accepted Answer

B vitamin deficiencies (B12, folate, riboflavin, niacin)

Answer

Vitamin C deficiency

Answer

Vitamin D deficiency

Answer

Iron deficiency alone