GI GI Anatomy and Physiology 3

Question 1

The myenteric (Auerbach's) plexus lies between which two muscle layers of the GI tract?

Accepted Answer

Circular muscle and longitudinal muscle

Answer

Mucosa and submucosa

Answer

Submucosa and circular muscle

Answer

Longitudinal muscle and serosa

Question 2

Which GI hormone inhibits gastric acid secretion and is released by D cells in the gastric antrum?

Accepted Answer

Somatostatin

Answer

Gastrin

Answer

Cholecystokinin

Answer

Ghrelin

Question 3

The hepatic portal vein receives blood from all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Hepatic veins

Answer

Superior mesenteric vein

Answer

Splenic vein

Answer

Inferior mesenteric vein

Question 4

In the stomach, which cell type secretes pepsinogen, the precursor to the proteolytic enzyme pepsin?

Accepted Answer

Chief cells

Answer

Parietal cells

Answer

G cells

Answer

Mucous cells

Question 5

Bile is stored and concentrated in the gallbladder, which can increase bile concentration by how much compared to hepatic bile?

Accepted Answer

10–20 fold

Answer

2–5 fold

Answer

5–10 fold

Answer

50–100 fold

Question 6

Which sphincter, located at the gastroesophageal junction, is primarily responsible for preventing gastroesophageal reflux?

Accepted Answer

Lower esophageal sphincter

Answer

Upper esophageal sphincter

Answer

Pyloric sphincter

Answer

Ileocecal valve