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Atomic Structure & Periodic Table Flashcards

7 cards from real GCSE practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Atomic Structure & Periodic Table flashcards as text

  1. Carbon-12 and Carbon-14 are isotopes. Which statement correctly compares them?

    Answer: Carbon-14 has 2 more neutrons than Carbon-12

    Both have 6 protons; Carbon-12 has 6 neutrons and Carbon-14 has 8 neutrons, a difference of 2.

  2. Which of the following is a property of Group 7 elements (halogens)?

    Answer: They have 7 electrons in their outer shell

    Halogens have 7 outer-shell electrons and need one more to complete their shell, making them reactive non-metals.

  3. An ion has 10 electrons and a charge of 2+. How many protons does it have?

    Answer: 12

    A 2+ charge means the atom lost 2 electrons, so protons = electrons + 2 = 10 + 2 = 12 (magnesium).

  4. As you move down Group 1 (alkali metals), reactivity with water:

    Answer: Increases

    Reactivity increases down Group 1 because the outer electron is further from the nucleus and more easily lost.

  5. Which electron shell can hold a maximum of 8 electrons?

    Answer: Both second and third shells

    The second and third shells each hold up to 8 electrons at GCSE level.

  6. Elements in the same group of the periodic table have similar chemical properties because they:

    Answer: Have the same number of outer shell electrons

    Elements in the same group have the same number of valence electrons, which dictates their chemical behaviour.

  7. Chlorine exists as Cl-35 (75%) and Cl-37 (25%). What is the relative atomic mass of chlorine?

    Answer: 35.5

    RAM = (35×75 + 37×25) / 100 = (2625 + 925) / 100 = 35.5.