Gaokao Geography: Physical and Human Geography Flashcards
7 cards from real GAOKAO practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Gaokao Geography: Physical and Human Geography flashcards as text
On a topographic map, closely spaced contour lines indicate:
Answer: A steep slope or cliff face
Contour lines connect points of equal elevation; closely spaced contours indicate a rapid change in elevation over a short horizontal distance, signifying a steep slope.
The monsoon climate of South and East Asia is primarily driven by:
Answer: The ITCZ shifting location with the sun, creating seasonal wind reversals
Monsoons result from differential heating between the Asian landmass and the Indian Ocean, which shifts the ITCZ and creates seasonal pressure gradients that reverse wind direction and precipitation patterns.
Which agricultural system is most common in densely populated parts of East and Southeast Asia?
Answer: Intensive subsistence wet rice cultivation
Intensive subsistence wet rice (paddy) cultivation dominates because rice yields high calories per unit area, supporting high population densities; it requires heavy labor input on small plots.
The 'primate city' concept in urban geography refers to a city that:
Answer: Is disproportionately large compared to the second-largest city in the country
A primate city dominates its urban hierarchy, often being 2–3 times larger than the second city; examples include Bangkok, Mexico City, and Buenos Aires, typical of less developed countries.
Acid rain is primarily caused by atmospheric emissions of:
Answer: Sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and nitrogen oxides (NOₓ)
SO₂ and NOₓ from burning fossil fuels react with water in the atmosphere to form sulfuric and nitric acids, which fall as acid rain damaging ecosystems and buildings.
The Humboldt Current off the west coast of South America affects regional climate by:
Answer: Bringing cold, upwelling water that creates aridity and fog along the coast
The cold Humboldt (Peru) Current causes coastal upwelling of nutrient-rich water but also stabilizes the atmosphere, suppressing convection and rainfall, creating the hyperarid Atacama Desert.
The 'Von Thünen model' of agricultural land use predicts that land use is determined by:
Answer: Distance from the market and transportation costs relative to land rent
Von Thünen's model shows concentric rings of agricultural land use around a central market, where crops are grown based on the balance between transport costs and land rent (bid rent theory).