FREE UWorld Evidence-Based Content Questions and Answers

Question 1

A randomized controlled trial (RCT) studying the effectiveness of a new antihypertensive drug reports a relative risk (RR) of 0.75 (95% CI: 0.60–0.90, 𝑝<0.05). What does this finding suggest?

Accepted Answer

The drug reduces the risk of hypertension-related events by 25%.

Answer

The drug reduces the risk of hypertension-related events by 75%.

Answer

The drug increases the risk of hypertension-related events by 25%.

Answer

The drug has no statistically significant effect.

Question 2

According to current guidelines, what is the first-line treatment for a 55-year-old male with newly diagnosed Stage 1 hypertension and no other comorbidities?

Accepted Answer

Lifestyle modifications

Answer

ACE inhibitors

Answer

Beta-blockers

Answer

Thiazide diuretics

Question 3

In evidence-based practice, what is the primary purpose of a likelihood ratio in diagnostic testing?

Accepted Answer

To calculate the probability of disease after testing

Answer

To determine the sensitivity of the test

Answer

To compare the test to a gold standard

Answer

To assess the reliability of the test over time

Question 4

A cohort study observes that patients who exercise regularly have a lower incidence of diabetes. Which of the following is true about this type of study?

Accepted Answer

It measures the incidence of diabetes in an exposed and unexposed group.

Answer

It can establish causality between exercise and diabetes prevention.

Answer

It is more expensive and time-consuming than randomized controlled trials.

Answer

It eliminates confounding variables through randomization.

Question 5

A 40-year-old smoker is counseled on lung cancer prevention. What is the most effective intervention to reduce their risk of lung cancer?

Accepted Answer

Smoking cessation

Answer

Annual low-dose CT screening

Answer

Increasing physical activity

Answer

Dietary supplementation with antioxidants