FREE BACE Cells Questions and Answers 2

Question 1

What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

To regulate what enters and exits the cell by acting as a selectively permeable barrier

Answer

To synthesize proteins for export

Answer

To produce energy through oxidative phosphorylation

Answer

To store genetic information for cell division

Question 2

Which organelle is responsible for producing ATP through cellular respiration in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Ribosome

Answer

Endoplasmic reticulum

Question 3

What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotes have a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles; prokaryotes lack these structures

Answer

Prokaryotes have a nucleus; eukaryotes do not

Answer

Prokaryotes are larger and more complex than eukaryotes

Answer

Eukaryotes lack cell walls while prokaryotes always have them

Question 4

What is the role of ribosomes in a cell?

Accepted Answer

To synthesize proteins by translating mRNA sequences into amino acid chains

Answer

To store genetic information as DNA

Answer

To transport molecules across the cell membrane

Answer

To package proteins for export from the cell

Question 5

What is cell cycle arrest and in what context is it relevant in biotechnology?

Accepted Answer

The temporary or permanent pausing of the cell cycle at specific checkpoints in response to internal or external signals

Answer

The permanent death of a cell due to DNA damage

Answer

The conversion of a cell from proliferative to differentiated state

Answer

The process by which cells stop dividing after reaching 100% confluency in culture

Question 6

Which type of cell junction in epithelial tissues prevents molecules from passing between adjacent cells?

Accepted Answer

Tight junctions (zonula occludens)

Answer

Gap junctions

Answer

Desmosomes

Answer

Adherens junctions