Counterintelligence Operations Flashcards

What does the term 'insider threat' mean in the context of FBI counterintelligence?

Answer: A current or former employee who misuses authorized access to harm the organization or nation

Insider threats use their trusted access and knowledge to steal information, commit sabotage, or assist foreign intelligence services.

What is 'economic espionage' under U.S. law (18 U.S.C. § 1831)?

Answer: The theft of trade secrets for the benefit of a foreign government or agent

Economic espionage involves stealing trade secrets to benefit a foreign government, instrumentality, or agent, carrying severe federal penalties.

In counterintelligence analysis, what is a 'cutout'?

Answer: An intermediary used to insulate a handler or intelligence service from direct contact with an asset

A cutout is a person or mechanism that maintains separation between intelligence officers and their assets to protect both from exposure.

What is 'influence operation' as a foreign intelligence threat to the U.S.?

Answer: Covert efforts by foreign governments to shape U.S. public opinion, policy, or political processes

Foreign influence operations use disinformation, social media manipulation, and front groups to covertly advance foreign government interests within the U.S.

What is a 'national security letter' (NSL) and how is it used in FBI counterintelligence?

Answer: An administrative subpoena allowing FBI to obtain records without a court order in national security investigations

NSLs allow the FBI to compel disclosure of certain records from third parties in national security investigations without judicial approval.

What is 'tradecraft' in intelligence and counterintelligence work?

Answer: The techniques and practices used by intelligence officers and agents to conduct clandestine operations securely

Tradecraft encompasses the practical skills—surveillance detection, dead drops, cover stories—that enable clandestine intelligence activities.