Land Use and Soil Flashcards
6 cards from real Environmental Science practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Land Use and Soil flashcards as text
What is the concept of 'smart growth' in urban planning?
Answer: Concentrating development to reduce sprawl and environmental impact
Smart growth focuses development in existing urban areas to reduce sprawl, preserve open space, and decrease vehicle dependence.
Which soil texture has the highest water-holding capacity?
Answer: Clay soil
Clay soil has the smallest particles and tightest pore spaces, giving it the highest water retention capacity.
What environmental problem results from mining activities that expose sulfide minerals to water and air?
Answer: Acid mine drainage
Acid mine drainage occurs when oxidation of sulfide minerals in exposed rock produces sulfuric acid that leaches into waterways.
Which U.S. federal act primarily governs surface mining operations and requires reclamation of mined land?
Answer: Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act (SMCRA)
SMCRA (1977) requires coal surface mines to restore the land to its original contour and use after mining is complete.
What does NEPA (National Environmental Policy Act) require for major federal actions?
Answer: Preparation of an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS)
NEPA requires federal agencies to assess environmental effects through an Environmental Impact Statement before undertaking major projects.
What is contour plowing, and how does it reduce erosion?
Answer: Plowing across the slope following land contours; slows runoff and traps water
Contour plowing creates furrows that run perpendicular to the slope, slowing water runoff and reducing soil erosion.