- English Language Test for International Students Reading Science-Based Texts Questions and Answers Flashcards

In a science text, the word 'hypothesis' is best defined as:

Answer: A testable prediction or educated guess based on observations

A hypothesis is a testable prediction based on limited evidence, used as a starting point for investigation.

A science passage states: 'Photosynthesis converts carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen using sunlight.' What type of process is this?

Answer: A chemical conversion that transforms substances using energy

Photosynthesis is a chemical process that uses solar energy to convert CO2 and water into new substances.

A text states: 'As the wolf population decreased, the deer population increased dramatically, leading to overgrazing.' This illustrates which concept?

Answer: Food chain or predator-prey relationships

The inverse relationship between wolves (predators) and deer (prey) and its effect on vegetation illustrates the food chain.

A science text reads: 'The control group received no treatment, while the experimental group received the new medication.' Why include a control group?

Answer: To provide a baseline for comparing the treatment's effects

A control group provides a baseline to compare against, helping determine if the treatment caused the observed effects.

A passage states: 'Fossil fuels are nonrenewable because they take millions of years to form.' What does 'nonrenewable' mean?

Answer: Cannot be replenished within a human lifetime

Nonrenewable means the resource cannot be replaced in any reasonable time frame relative to human use.

A science text explains: 'The water cycle includes evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and collection.' Which directly leads to cloud formation?

Answer: Condensation

Condensation is the process where water vapor cools and turns into tiny water droplets, forming clouds.