Discourse Markers & Text Cohesion Flashcards

Which type of reference creates cohesion by pointing forward to something identified later in the text?

Answer: Cataphoric reference

Cataphoric reference points forward to something that will be explained or named later, unlike anaphoric reference which points backward.

In 'John forgot his umbrella. This mistake cost him dearly,' which cohesive device is used?

Answer: Reference

'This mistake' uses demonstrative reference to point back to the event in the previous sentence, creating cohesion.

Which sentence best demonstrates ellipsis as a cohesive device?

Answer: Tom likes coffee, and Sarah does too.

In option B, 'likes coffee' is omitted after 'does,' creating ellipsis—a cohesive device that avoids unnecessary repetition.

Which of the following creates cohesion through a lexical chain of synonyms?

Answer: The dog ran fast. The animal moved swiftly across the yard.

Option A uses 'dog/animal' and 'ran fast/moved swiftly' as synonym pairs, creating lexical cohesion through related vocabulary.

"_______ the rain, the outdoor event continued as planned." Which word creates a concessive relationship?

Answer: Despite

'Despite' signals that the event continued even though the rain would normally be expected to prevent it, showing a concessive relationship.

Which sentence contains a cohesive tie through substitution?

Answer: Would you like coffee? — Yes, I'd love some.

In option C, 'some' substitutes for 'coffee,' avoiding repetition while maintaining cohesion through substitution.

In academic writing, which discourse marker is most appropriate to introduce a specific example?

Answer: For instance

'For instance' is the standard discourse marker used to introduce a specific example that illustrates the preceding claim.