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Medical Skills & Combat Medicine Flashcards

7 cards from real EFMB practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Medical Skills & Combat Medicine flashcards as text

  1. Which IV fluid is the preferred resuscitation fluid for hypovolemic shock in TCCC?

    Answer: Hextend (6% hetastarch)

    Hextend is the preferred resuscitation fluid in TCCC for hypovolemic shock because 500 mL provides volume expansion equivalent to 2 liters of crystalloid.

  2. What is the maximum number of times a tourniquet site should be marked with the time of application?

    Answer: Twice, on the tourniquet and the casualty's forehead

    TCCC protocol requires marking the time of tourniquet application on the tourniquet and also on the casualty's forehead with a marker to prevent loss of information during handoff.

  3. A casualty has burns to both arms and the front of both legs. Using the Rule of Nines, what percentage of total body surface area (TBSA) is burned?

    Answer: 36%

    Each arm = 9%, each front leg = 9%; two arms (18%) + two front legs (18%) = 36% TBSA.

  4. Which medication is recommended in TCCC for pain management in a casualty who can still fight?

    Answer: Oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate (OTFC)

    OTFC (fentanyl lollipop) is recommended for casualties who can still engage in the fight because it does not impair the ability to fire a weapon.

  5. What is the preferred route for IV/IO access when peripheral veins are inaccessible in a combat casualty?

    Answer: Intraosseous (IO) access

    IO access is preferred when peripheral IV access cannot be rapidly established, as it provides a reliable vascular access point even in hypovolemic casualties.

  6. What clinical finding best differentiates hemorrhagic shock from neurogenic shock in a combat casualty?

    Answer: Skin color and temperature

    Hemorrhagic shock presents with cold, pale, clammy skin while neurogenic shock presents with warm, dry, flushed skin due to loss of sympathetic tone.

  7. In Tactical Field Care, at what systolic blood pressure should fluid resuscitation be targeted in a penetrating trauma casualty WITHOUT head injury?

    Answer: 80–90 mmHg

    Permissive hypotension targets a systolic BP of 80–90 mmHg in penetrating trauma without TBI to maintain organ perfusion without worsening coagulopathy.