Blood Sugar Management Flashcards
7 cards from real Diabetes practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Blood Sugar Management flashcards as text
What blood glucose level (mg/dL) is generally used as the clinical threshold to define hypoglycemia in adults with diabetes?
Answer: Less than 70
A blood glucose below 70 mg/dL is the standard clinical threshold for hypoglycemia in adults with diabetes.
A patient with type 2 diabetes consistently has high fasting glucose but acceptable daytime readings. What phenomenon does this most likely represent?
Answer: Dawn phenomenon
The dawn phenomenon is caused by early-morning surge of counter-regulatory hormones raising fasting glucose.
Which food item is the BEST choice for quickly treating a blood glucose of 58 mg/dL?
Answer: 4 oz of orange juice
Orange juice provides fast-acting simple carbohydrates that rapidly raise blood glucose, while fat slows absorption.
What does 'time in range' (TIR) measure in continuous glucose monitoring?
Answer: Percentage of time glucose stays between 70–180 mg/dL
TIR represents the percentage of time a person's glucose remains within the target range of 70–180 mg/dL.
Which condition can cause falsely LOW blood glucose readings on a standard glucometer?
Answer: Polycythemia (elevated red blood cell count)
Polycythemia can cause falsely low glucose readings because excess red blood cells consume glucose in the blood sample.
A patient taking insulin notices blood sugar drops around 3 AM but wakes with high glucose. This pattern is called the:
Answer: Somogyi effect
The Somogyi effect involves overnight hypoglycemia triggering a counter-regulatory rebound hyperglycemia by morning.
Which medication class works by blocking glucose reabsorption in the kidneys, causing it to be excreted in urine?
Answer: SGLT-2 inhibitors
SGLT-2 inhibitors (e.g., empagliflozin) block sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 in the kidney, promoting urinary glucose excretion.