Data Engineering Data Quality and Testing

Question 1

Which data quality dimension measures whether data values fall within expected ranges or conform to defined rules?

Accepted Answer

Validity

Answer

Completeness

Answer

Uniqueness

Answer

Timeliness

Question 2

In dbt (data build tool), what type of test checks that a column contains no NULL values?

Accepted Answer

not_null

Answer

relationships

Answer

unique

Answer

accepted_values

Question 3

What is a 'data contract' in modern data engineering?

Accepted Answer

A formal agreement defining data schema, quality, and SLAs between data producers and consumers

Answer

A legal agreement between data vendors

Answer

A database constraint enforcing referential integrity

Answer

A schema registry entry for streaming topics

Question 4

Which testing approach validates the statistical properties and distributions of data rather than individual row correctness?

Accepted Answer

Statistical/distribution testing

Answer

Unit testing

Answer

Integration testing

Answer

Schema validation testing

Question 5

What does 'data freshness' measure in data quality monitoring?

Accepted Answer

How recently the data was updated relative to its expected update schedule

Answer

Whether data contains correct values

Answer

The number of duplicate records in a dataset

Answer

The completeness of required fields

Question 6

In Great Expectations, what is an 'Expectation Suite'?

Accepted Answer

A collection of individual expectations that define what valid data looks like

Answer

A test runner that executes SQL validation queries

Answer

A UI dashboard for viewing data quality metrics

Answer

A schema registry for validating JSON payloads