Echocardiography Techniques Flashcards
7 cards from real CVT practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Echocardiography Techniques flashcards as text
In the modified Simpson's biplane method for ejection fraction calculation, images from which two views are required?
Answer: Apical four-chamber and apical two-chamber
Simpson's biplane method requires tracing the left ventricular cavity in both the apical four-chamber and apical two-chamber views.
Which echocardiographic finding is most characteristic of cardiac tamponade on two-dimensional imaging?
Answer: Right ventricular diastolic collapse
Right ventricular diastolic collapse occurs when pericardial pressure exceeds right ventricular diastolic pressure, indicating hemodynamically significant tamponade.
The proximal isovelocity surface area (PISA) method estimates regurgitant volume by analyzing which flow phenomenon?
Answer: Hemispheric flow convergence proximal to the regurgitant orifice
PISA measures the radius of the hemispheric flow convergence zone proximal to the regurgitant orifice to calculate effective regurgitant orifice area.
Which transesophageal echocardiographic (TEE) view is optimal for evaluating the left atrial appendage for thrombus?
Answer: Mid-esophageal two-chamber view at 60–90°
The mid-esophageal two-chamber view at 60–90° provides the best visualization of the left atrial appendage due to its proximity to the esophagus.
Which Doppler pattern of mitral inflow indicates Grade III (reversible restrictive) diastolic dysfunction?
Answer: E/A ratio > 2 with deceleration time < 160 ms that normalizes with Valsalva
Grade III reversible restrictive filling shows E/A > 2 with shortened deceleration time that reverts to a lower E/A ratio during Valsalva maneuver.
What does the term 'aliasing' refer to in pulsed-wave Doppler echocardiography?
Answer: Underestimation of velocity when it exceeds the Nyquist limit
Aliasing occurs when blood velocity exceeds the Nyquist limit (half the pulse repetition frequency), causing the signal to wrap around and appear in the opposite direction.
Strain rate echocardiography using speckle tracking primarily measures which mechanical property of the myocardium?
Answer: Rate of myocardial deformation per unit time
Strain rate reflects how quickly the myocardium deforms (shortens or lengthens) and is calculated as the spatial gradient of myocardial velocity.