Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards
7 cards from real CTBS practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Anatomy and Physiology flashcards as text
Which anatomical region of a long bone is the primary site of hematopoiesis in adults?
Answer: Diaphysis red marrow
In adults, red bone marrow in the diaphysis of certain bones (and epiphyses of flat bones) is the primary site of blood cell production.
When recovering heart valves, a tissue specialist must know that the aortic valve has how many cusps under normal anatomy?
Answer: Three
The normal aortic valve has three cusps (right, left, and non-coronary), and a bicuspid aortic valve is considered a congenital anomaly.
Osseointegration of allograft bone is facilitated by which property of the bone extracellular matrix?
Answer: Hydroxyapatite mineral crystals deposited in collagen
Hydroxyapatite crystals deposited within the collagen framework of bone provide the mineral scaffold that enables host bone ingrowth and osseointegration.
The femoral triangle is a clinically important anatomical region bounded superiorly by the inguinal ligament. Which structure occupies the most medial position within the femoral triangle?
Answer: Femoral canal
From lateral to medial in the femoral triangle: nerve, artery, vein, canal — remembered by the mnemonic NAVY (Nerve, Artery, Vein, Y-fronts/canal).
During eye banking, the trabecular meshwork is significant because it regulates which physiological process?
Answer: Aqueous humor drainage and intraocular pressure
The trabecular meshwork at the iridocorneal angle drains aqueous humor into Schlemm's canal, directly regulating intraocular pressure.
Which anatomical feature distinguishes cortical (compact) bone from cancellous (trabecular) bone at the microstructural level?
Answer: Cortical bone has Haversian systems (osteons); cancellous bone has a lattice of trabeculae
Cortical bone is organized into Haversian systems (osteons) with central canals, while cancellous bone consists of a porous lattice of trabeculae enclosing marrow spaces.
In skin tissue banking, which layer of the skin contains the stem cells responsible for epidermal regeneration?
Answer: Stratum basale
The stratum basale (basal layer) contains keratinocyte stem cells that continuously divide to replenish the upper epidermal layers.