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Fiber Optics & Physical Layer Technologies Flashcards

6 cards from real CTA practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. What is the function of an EDFA (Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier) in long-haul optical networks?

    Answer: To amplify multiple DWDM wavelengths simultaneously in the optical domain without OEO conversion

    EDFAs amplify optical signals directly in the fiber without converting to electrical, and they work across the entire C-band, making them ideal for amplifying all DWDM channels at once.

  2. According to TIA-568 standards, what is the maximum channel length for a Cat 6 horizontal cabling run?

    Answer: 100 meters

    TIA-568 specifies a maximum permanent link of 90 meters with up to 10 meters for patch cords, yielding a 100-meter total channel length for structured cabling.

  3. What is 'FTTP' and how does it differ from 'FTTC'?

    Answer: FTTP brings fiber directly to the customer premises; FTTC brings fiber only to a cabinet near the curb, using copper for the final drop

    FTTP (Fiber to the Premises) extends fiber all the way to the customer, while FTTC (Fiber to the Curb/Cabinet) runs fiber to a neighborhood cabinet and uses copper (VDSL) for the last segment.

  4. Which optical measurement specification defines the minimum Optical Return Loss (ORL) requirement for a fiber link to protect laser transmitters?

    Answer: ORL should be greater than 35 dB per Telcordia GR-326

    Telcordia GR-326 and similar standards specify minimum ORL values (typically >35 dB) to ensure reflections are sufficiently attenuated to prevent laser source damage or instability.

  5. In structured cabling, what is the purpose of a 'consolidation point' allowed under TIA-568-C.2?

    Answer: It is an intermediate connection point in an open office environment allowing flexible reconfiguration of workstation locations

    A consolidation point allows a single cable run from the telecommunications room to be connected to shorter cables serving individual workstations, enabling flexible open-office moves and changes.

  6. What is 'insertion loss' in a fiber optic connector, and what is the typical maximum value allowed per TIA-526?

    Answer: The reduction in optical power caused by a connector; typically maximum 0.75 dB per mated pair

    Insertion loss is the optical power reduction introduced by a mated connector pair; TIA-568 allows a maximum of 0.75 dB per mated pair for field-installed connectors.