Preoperative Preparation Flashcards

Which document must be completed and signed before an elective surgical procedure can begin?

Answer: Informed consent form

Informed consent must be signed by the patient (or guardian) before elective surgery, confirming the patient understands the procedure, risks, and alternatives.

The surgical technologist notes that the patient's allergy to latex is not documented on the surgical checklist. What is the FIRST action to take?

Answer: Inform the circulating nurse and surgeon immediately

Allergies must be communicated to the entire team immediately so that latex-free supplies can be substituted before the patient enters the OR.

During the preoperative skin prep, which motion technique is used when preparing a surgical site?

Answer: Circular motion from the incision site outward

Circular motion from the center (incision site) outward prevents contaminating a clean area with organisms from the periphery.

Which hair removal method is preferred to minimize surgical site infection (SSI) risk?

Answer: Clipping hair immediately before the procedure

Clipping (not shaving) immediately before the procedure is preferred because it causes fewer microabrasions that could harbor bacteria.

What is the correct patient position for most abdominal surgeries?

Answer: Supine

Supine (flat on back) is the standard position for most abdominal procedures, providing the surgeon direct anterior access.

A patient is placed in the lithotomy position. Which complication is the surgical team most vigilant about preventing?

Answer: Compartment syndrome of the lower legs

Lithotomy position elevates the legs, restricting venous return and increasing compartment pressure, potentially causing compartment syndrome if prolonged.

Which antiseptic agent is CONTRAINDICATED for prep of the ear canal?

Answer: Chlorhexidine gluconate

Chlorhexidine gluconate is ototoxic and must not contact the middle ear or tympanic membrane.