Advanced Professional Practice Flashcards
7 cards from real CSR practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Advanced Professional Practice flashcards as text
During a nutrition-focused physical exam of a hemodialysis patient, the dietitian observes temporal wasting and prominent clavicles. These findings MOST likely indicate:
Answer: Protein-energy wasting (PEW) with loss of muscle and fat stores
Temporal wasting and prominent clavicles are classic signs of protein-energy wasting, indicating significant loss of muscle mass and subcutaneous fat.
A patient on hemodialysis is prescribed sevelamer carbonate. The renal dietitian should counsel the patient to take this medication:
Answer: With meals to bind dietary phosphorus as it is absorbed in the GI tract
Phosphate binders must be taken with meals to bind phosphorus from food in the gastrointestinal tract before absorption.
A renal dietitian is evaluating the appropriateness of intradialytic oral nutrition supplements (ONS). The BEST candidate for this intervention is a patient with:
Answer: Low pre-albumin, poor dietary intake, and inability to consume adequate calories outside of dialysis sessions
Intradialytic ONS is indicated for patients with documented protein-energy wasting who cannot meet nutritional needs through diet alone.
When reviewing a research article on dietary sodium restriction in CKD, the renal dietitian notes a P-value of 0.04 for the primary outcome. This means:
Answer: There is a 4% probability that the observed result occurred by chance if the null hypothesis were true
A P-value of 0.04 means there is a 4% probability of observing the result by chance alone, meeting the conventional p<0.05 significance threshold.
A renal dietitian is developing discharge education for a patient transitioning from acute kidney injury (AKI) to outpatient CKD care. The PRIORITY nutrition topic for the first outpatient visit is:
Answer: Reassessing nutritional status and adjusting dietary restrictions based on current GFR and labs
Post-AKI nutritional needs change as kidney function recovers, requiring individualized reassessment rather than continuation of acute-phase restrictions.
A hemodialysis patient consistently presents with pre-dialysis serum potassium of 6.8 mEq/L despite reported dietary compliance. The dietitian's NEXT investigative step is to:
Answer: Assess for non-dietary causes such as metabolic acidosis, constipation, and medication effects
Persistent hyperkalemia despite dietary compliance requires investigation of non-dietary contributors including acidosis, constipation, tissue catabolism, and medications.
The Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) tool used in renal patients primarily evaluates:
Answer: History of weight change, dietary intake changes, GI symptoms, functional capacity, and physical examination findings
SGA integrates clinical history (weight, diet, GI symptoms, function) with physical examination to classify nutritional status.