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Server Configuration & Management Flashcards

7 cards from real CSA practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. What is the primary function of a bastion host in a server environment?

    Answer: Act as a secure, hardened entry point for accessing internal network resources

    A bastion host is a specially hardened server that provides a secure, monitored entry point (often via SSH/RDP) for administrators accessing an internal network.

  2. Which log file in Linux systems records authentication attempts and sudo usage?

    Answer: /var/log/auth.log

    The /var/log/auth.log file (on Debian/Ubuntu) records all authentication events including SSH logins, sudo commands, and failed login attempts.

  3. What does 'server hardening' involve?

    Answer: Reducing the server's attack surface by disabling unnecessary services and applying security policies

    Server hardening involves disabling unused services, applying patches, enforcing strong passwords, and configuring security policies to minimize vulnerabilities.

  4. Which command is used to view real-time CPU and memory usage on a Linux server?

    Answer: top

    The `top` command displays real-time information about running processes, CPU usage, and memory consumption on a Linux system.

  5. What is the purpose of a server's management NIC (Network Interface Card) in an out-of-band management setup?

    Answer: Provides a dedicated network path for server management independent of the production network

    An out-of-band management NIC (often connected to an IPMI/iDRAC/iLO interface) allows administrators to manage a server even when the OS is down.

  6. In Windows Server, what is the role of Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS)?

    Answer: Provide centralized authentication, authorization, and directory services for users and computers

    AD DS provides a centralized directory for managing users, computers, groups, and policies across a Windows domain environment.

  7. What is a 'snapshot' in the context of virtual machine management?

    Answer: A point-in-time copy of a VM's disk state that can be used to roll back changes

    A VM snapshot captures the state of a virtual machine's disk (and optionally memory) at a specific moment, allowing rollback if needed.