Smart Contracts and dApps Flashcards
7 cards from real Cryptocurrency practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Smart Contracts and dApps flashcards as text
What is a 'reentrancy attack' in the context of smart contracts?
Answer: A bug where a contract calls itself recursively to drain funds before state updates
In a reentrancy attack, a malicious contract repeatedly calls back into the vulnerable contract before its balance is updated, draining its ETH — famously exploited in The DAO hack.
Which Ethereum Improvement Proposal (EIP) introduced the standard interface for fungible tokens?
Answer: EIP-20
EIP-20 (also called ERC-20) defines the standard interface for fungible tokens on Ethereum, enabling interoperability across wallets and exchanges.
What does 'gas limit' represent in an Ethereum transaction?
Answer: The maximum units of computational work the sender allows the transaction to consume
The gas limit caps how many computational steps a transaction may execute; if execution exceeds this limit, the transaction reverts but the gas spent is still consumed.
In Solidity, what does the 'view' function modifier indicate?
Answer: The function reads state but does not modify it
'view' functions promise not to alter blockchain state, so they can be called off-chain for free without submitting a transaction.
What is the primary purpose of an oracle in a smart contract ecosystem?
Answer: To supply real-world external data to on-chain contracts that cannot access it natively
Blockchains are deterministic and isolated, so oracles act as trusted data feeds that bring off-chain information (prices, weather, sports scores) onto the chain.
Which smart contract upgrade pattern keeps the contract logic separate from its storage?
Answer: Proxy pattern
The proxy pattern routes calls through an immutable proxy contract to a replaceable logic contract, allowing upgrades without migrating user balances or addresses.
What does 'ABI' stand for in the context of smart contracts?
Answer: Application Binary Interface
The ABI (Application Binary Interface) defines how to encode function calls and decode return values when interacting with a compiled smart contract.