Scientific Communication & Reporting Flashcards

Which authorship criterion, according to ICMJE guidelines, is NOT sufficient alone to warrant authorship?

Answer: Collecting data or providing funding only

ICMJE requires all four criteria to be met; data collection or funding alone does not qualify a person as an author.

What is the primary function of the 'p-value' when reporting statistical results?

Answer: It indicates the probability of obtaining results as extreme as observed under the null hypothesis

A p-value quantifies the probability that the observed data would occur if the null hypothesis were true.

A researcher submits the same manuscript to two journals simultaneously. This is known as:

Answer: Duplicate submission

Duplicate submission violates journal policies because it wastes peer-review resources and risks duplicate publication.

What is the purpose of including a PRISMA flow diagram in a systematic review?

Answer: To show the literature search and study selection process transparently

A PRISMA diagram documents how many records were identified, screened, and included or excluded at each stage.

In oral scientific presentations, the '10-20-30 rule' (Guy Kawasaki) recommends:

Answer: 10 slides, 20 minutes, 30-point font minimum

The 10-20-30 rule suggests no more than 10 slides, 20 minutes of speaking, and a minimum 30-point font for readability.

Which type of bias occurs when journals preferentially publish studies with positive or significant results?

Answer: Publication bias

Publication bias skews the scientific literature because negative or null results are less likely to be submitted or accepted.

When converting a research study to a conference abstract, the most important consideration is:

Answer: Adhering to the conference's word/character limit while preserving key findings

Conference abstracts have strict length limits and must distill the study's purpose, methods, results, and conclusions concisely.