Intellectual Property & Technology Transfer Flashcards
7 cards from real CRA practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Intellectual Property & Technology Transfer flashcards as text
Export controls most commonly applicable to technology transfer activities include which of the following regulations?
Answer: EAR (Export Administration Regulations) and ITAR (International Traffic in Arms Regulations)
EAR (administered by Commerce) and ITAR (administered by State) govern the export of dual-use and defense-related technologies respectively, and are critical considerations in technology transfer and international collaborations.
University royalty-sharing policies typically distribute a portion of licensing revenues to:
Answer: The inventors, their departments, and the university
Most university royalty-sharing policies distribute licensing revenues among the inventors personally, the inventors' departments or labs, and the institution's central funds, incentivizing invention disclosure.
A Confidential Disclosure Agreement (CDA), also known as an NDA, in a research context primarily serves to:
Answer: Protect proprietary or unpublished information shared between parties before a formal agreement
A CDA/NDA allows parties to share sensitive or proprietary information for evaluation or collaboration purposes while legally protecting that information from unauthorized disclosure.
Under Bayh-Dole, a university's obligation to file for patent protection on a subject invention is triggered only if:
Answer: The institution elects to retain title to the invention
The Bayh-Dole patent filing obligation arises after the institution has elected title; if the institution chooses not to elect title, the obligation to file does not apply to the institution.
A startup company created to commercialize university-developed technology is commonly referred to as a:
Answer: Spinout or spinoff company
A spinout (or spinoff) is a new company formed to commercialize intellectual property originating from a university or research institution, often with involvement of the inventor as a founder.
Which of the following best describes a 'field-of-use' restriction in a technology license?
Answer: A limitation restricting the licensee's use of the technology to a defined application area
A field-of-use restriction limits the licensee's right to use the technology only within a specified application domain (e.g., human therapeutics only), allowing the licensor to grant other licenses in different fields.
The 'first-to-file' patent system adopted by the U.S. under the America Invents Act (AIA) of 2011 means that:
Answer: The first applicant to file a patent application is generally entitled to the patent
The AIA shifted the U.S. from a first-to-invent system to a first-inventor-to-file system, making timely patent filing critically important in technology transfer to establish priority.