Quality Fundamentals Flashcards

Which quality management principle emphasizes making decisions based on data analysis rather than intuition?

Answer: Evidence-based decision making

Evidence-based decision making is one of the seven ISO quality management principles, emphasizing data and analysis over gut feeling.

A team uses a check sheet to collect data on machine downtime by shift. This tool is primarily used for:

Answer: Systematically recording data as events occur

A check sheet is a structured form used to systematically collect and record data in real time at the location where data is generated.

In quality terminology, 'grade' refers to:

Answer: A category assigned to products with the same functional use but different quality levels

Grade distinguishes between products that serve the same purpose but have different features or performance levels, such as economy vs. premium.

Benchmarking against the best practices of companies outside your own industry is called:

Answer: Generic benchmarking

Generic benchmarking compares processes against best-in-class organizations regardless of industry to identify transferable practices.

Which statement best describes a process-based approach to quality management?

Answer: Activities and resources are managed as interrelated processes to achieve desired outcomes

A process approach manages activities and resources as interconnected processes that together produce desired results more efficiently.

The 'affinity diagram' tool is used primarily to:

Answer: Organize large amounts of qualitative data into natural groupings

An affinity diagram organizes brainstormed ideas or qualitative data into meaningful groups based on natural relationships.

When quality improvement efforts focus on reducing variation rather than simply shifting the process mean, the goal is to improve:

Answer: Process precision

Precision refers to the consistency or repeatability of a process—reducing variation makes a process more precise.