Research and Source Citation Flashcards

When paraphrasing a source in APA format, which element is NOT required in the in-text citation?

Answer: Page number

APA in-text citations for paraphrases require the author's last name and year, but page numbers are optional (though recommended).

Which type of source is generally considered most authoritative for academic and professional writing?

Answer: A peer-reviewed journal article

Peer-reviewed journal articles undergo expert scrutiny before publication, making them the most authoritative sources for academic and professional writing.

In Chicago/Turabian style, what is used instead of parenthetical in-text citations?

Answer: Footnotes or endnotes

Chicago/Turabian style uses footnotes or endnotes (numbered superscripts) rather than parenthetical citations within the text.

A writer uses three sentences from a source without quotation marks but lists it in the bibliography. This is an example of:

Answer: Plagiarism

Copying sentences verbatim without quotation marks constitutes plagiarism even if the source appears in the bibliography, because quotation marks signal verbatim text.

Which MLA citation element identifies where a source was found online?

Answer: URL or DOI

In MLA 9th edition, a URL or DOI identifies the online location of a source and is included at the end of the works-cited entry.

What does the term 'primary source' mean in research?

Answer: An original, firsthand account or document

A primary source is an original, firsthand document or account, such as an interview, experiment data, or historical document, created at the time of the event.

When citing a source with no identified author in APA style, the in-text citation uses:

Answer: The first few words of the title

APA style uses the first few words of the title (in italics for books or in quotation marks for articles) when no author is identified.