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Child Development & Learning Theories Flashcards

7 cards from real CPT practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Child Development & Learning Theories flashcards as text

  1. According to Lev Vygotsky, what term describes the gap between what a child can accomplish independently and what they can achieve with guidance?

    Answer: Zone of Proximal Development

    Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) describes the range of tasks a child cannot yet do alone but can accomplish with adult or peer support.

  2. Which stage of Piaget's theory is characterized by the use of symbols and language but limited logical reasoning?

    Answer: Preoperational

    The preoperational stage (ages 2–7) is marked by symbolic thinking and language development but lacks mature logical operations.

  3. What is 'scaffolding' in the context of early childhood education?

    Answer: Providing temporary support that is gradually withdrawn as the child gains competence

    Scaffolding involves offering just enough assistance to help a child succeed, then reducing support as the child's ability grows.

  4. In Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems Theory, which system directly includes family, school, and peer groups?

    Answer: Microsystem

    The microsystem is the innermost layer containing the settings a child directly participates in, such as home, school, and peers.

  5. Which theorist developed the concept of 'schemas' as mental frameworks children use to organize knowledge?

    Answer: Jean Piaget

    Piaget described schemas as cognitive structures children build and modify through assimilation and accommodation.

  6. A preschool teacher notices a 4-year-old believes the moon follows her home each night. This is an example of which Piagetian concept?

    Answer: Egocentrism

    Egocentrism in the preoperational stage causes children to interpret the world from their own perspective, assuming external objects revolve around them.

  7. According to Howard Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligences, which intelligence would a child primarily use when composing a simple melody?

    Answer: Musical intelligence

    Gardner's musical intelligence encompasses sensitivity to pitch, rhythm, and tone, as demonstrated in composing or performing music.