Quality Assurance & Improvement Flashcards
7 cards from real CPS practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Quality Assurance & Improvement flashcards as text
A process that produces 3.4 defects per million opportunities (DPMO) is operating at which sigma level?
Answer: 6 sigma
Six Sigma quality, by definition, allows no more than 3.4 DPMO, accounting for a 1.5-sigma long-term shift in the process mean.
Which tool is most appropriate for prioritizing quality improvement efforts by identifying the 'vital few' causes responsible for most defects?
Answer: Pareto chart
A Pareto chart applies the 80/20 rule to visually rank causes by frequency or impact, helping teams focus on the vital few that drive the majority of problems.
Corrective action differs from preventive action in that corrective action:
Answer: Eliminates the cause of an existing nonconformance
Corrective action eliminates the root cause of an actual nonconformance to prevent its recurrence, while preventive action proactively addresses potential issues.
Which of the following best describes 'process benchmarking' in quality improvement?
Answer: Comparing processes against industry best practices or top performers to identify improvement gaps
Process benchmarking involves studying how high-performing organizations execute similar processes, using those insights to set improvement targets and adopt best practices.
In quality auditing, 'objective evidence' refers to:
Answer: Qualitative or quantitative information that can be verified
Objective evidence is verifiable data or information based on observation, measurement, or testing, forming the factual basis for audit findings.
A control plan in a quality management context is used to:
Answer: Document the process controls and monitoring methods for key product characteristics
A control plan outlines the specific measurements, inspection methods, sample sizes, and reaction plans needed to monitor and control critical process characteristics.
Which of the following is an example of 'mistake-proofing' (poka-yoke)?
Answer: A USB connector designed to fit only one way
Poka-yoke devices physically prevent errors or make them immediately obvious; a USB connector that only fits in the correct orientation is a classic example.