Techniques for Adults & Children Flashcards

What is the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio for single-rescuer CPR on an adult?

Answer: 30:2

For single-rescuer CPR on an adult, the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio is 30:2. This ratio prioritizes continuous, high-quality chest compressions to maintain vital blood flow. The two rescue breaths are delivered quickly after 30 compressions to minimize interruptions.

How many rescuers are needed for the 15:2 compression-to-ventilation ratio in children?

Answer: 2

Two rescuers are needed for the 15:2 compression-to-ventilation ratio in children. This ratio is used in two-rescuer CPR for children to provide more frequent ventilations, which are often more critical for pediatric cardiac arrest. The presence of two rescuers allows for more efficient delivery of both compressions and breaths.

For child CPR, what is the recommended compression depth?

Answer: 2 inches

For child CPR, the recommended compression depth is about 2 inches (5 cm), or approximately one-third the depth of the chest. This depth ensures effective circulation of blood to vital organs. It is important to achieve adequate depth while also allowing full chest recoil to maximize the effectiveness of each compression.

What is the best method to give chest compressions to an infant with two rescuers?

Answer: Two-thumb encircling hands

The best method to give chest compressions to an infant with two rescuers is the two-thumb encircling hands technique. This method provides deeper and more consistent compressions compared to the two-finger technique. It also allows for better support of the infant's back, improving overall compression quality and blood flow.

Which is an appropriate hand placement for CPR on a child?

Answer: Lower half of the sternum

An appropriate hand placement for CPR on a child is on the lower half of the sternum. Similar to adults, this central chest placement ensures that compressions are delivered directly over the heart. Using one or two hands, depending on the child's size, helps achieve the correct depth and effectiveness while avoiding injury.

How often should you switch roles when performing two-person CPR?

Answer: Every 2 minutes

When performing two-person CPR, you should switch roles every 2 minutes, or after approximately 5 cycles of compressions and ventilations. This regular rotation helps prevent rescuer fatigue, ensuring that high-quality chest compressions are maintained. Consistent, effective compressions are crucial for maximizing blood flow to the brain and heart.

What is the correct rate of chest compressions for all age groups during CPR?

Answer: 100–120/min

The American Heart Association (AHA) and other major resuscitation councils recommend a chest compression rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute for all age groups. This specific rate ensures adequate blood flow to vital organs like the brain and heart, maximizing the chances of survival during cardiac arrest. Maintaining this consistent rhythm is crucial for effective CPR.

How should you open the airway in an unresponsive adult?

Answer: Head-tilt, chin-lift

The head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver is the standard and most effective method for opening the airway in an unresponsive adult without suspected spinal injury. This technique lifts the tongue off the back of the throat, which is a common obstruction in unconscious individuals, allowing for clear passage of air. It is a simple yet critical step before attempting rescue breaths.

Which action ensures effective rescue breaths?

Answer: Look for chest rise

Looking for chest rise is the primary visual indicator that a rescue breath has successfully entered the victim's lungs. This confirms that the airway is open and air is being delivered, which is essential for oxygenating the blood. Without visible chest rise, the breath is ineffective, and the rescuer should re-adjust the airway and try again.