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Lean Six Sigma Fundamentals Flashcards

7 cards from real CPP practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Lean Six Sigma Fundamentals flashcards as text

  1. In Lean Six Sigma, what is the primary distinction between 'special cause' and 'common cause' variation?

    Answer: Special cause is unpredictable and assignable to a specific source; common cause is inherent, random variation in the system

    Common cause variation is the natural, stable variation built into a process, while special cause variation is unexpected and traceable to an identifiable, assignable source.

  2. A team applying DMAIC is in the Define phase. Which deliverable is most critical to complete before moving forward?

    Answer: Project charter

    The project charter formalizes the problem statement, scope, goals, team roles, and timeline, providing the foundation for all subsequent DMAIC phases.

  3. Which Lean waste category describes the unnecessary transportation of materials or information between process steps?

    Answer: Transport

    Transport waste refers to moving materials, products, or information farther than necessary, which adds time and cost without adding customer value.

  4. What is the purpose of a 'response surface methodology' (RSM) in the Improve phase of DMAIC?

    Answer: To model the relationship between multiple input variables and optimize process outputs

    RSM uses designed experiments to build a mathematical model of how input factors affect outputs, enabling teams to find optimal process settings.

  5. In a pull-based production system, what triggers the release of work to an upstream process?

    Answer: Actual downstream consumption or a replenishment signal such as a kanban card

    Pull systems use actual demand signals (like kanban cards) to authorize upstream production, preventing overproduction and excess inventory.

  6. A Six Sigma Green Belt performs a hypothesis test and obtains a p-value of 0.03 with a significance level (α) of 0.05. What is the correct conclusion?

    Answer: Reject the null hypothesis because p < α, indicating a statistically significant result

    When the p-value (0.03) is less than the significance level α (0.05), there is sufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesis in favor of the alternative.

  7. Which element of the Lean 5S methodology is responsible for ensuring that improvements are maintained over time and do not regress?

    Answer: Sustain (Shitsuke)

    Sustain (Shitsuke) is the fifth S, embedding the habit of maintaining the first four S's through discipline, audits, and a culture of continuous adherence.