Research Methods & Evidence-Based Practice Flashcards
7 cards from real CPP practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Research Methods & Evidence-Based Practice flashcards as text
Which statistical test would a parking researcher use to determine if there is an association between payment method (cash vs. card) and citation rates?
Answer: Chi-square test of independence
The chi-square test of independence examines whether two categorical variables are statistically related.
A parking demand forecast model uses current land use data to predict future demand. The primary limitation of this approach is:
Answer: It assumes future land use patterns will mirror current ones
Land use–based models assume stable patterns; changes in development, behavior, or technology can make projections inaccurate.
Which term describes the systematic process of identifying, appraising, and synthesizing all available evidence on a specific parking policy question?
Answer: Systematic review
A systematic review follows a predetermined protocol to find and synthesize all relevant studies, minimizing bias.
A parking consultant presents a regression analysis showing that adding bike parking reduces car demand by 0.3 spaces per bike space (R²=0.82). What does R² indicate?
Answer: 82% of variance in car demand is explained by the model
R² (coefficient of determination) represents the proportion of variance in the dependent variable explained by the independent variable(s).
An evidence-based parking standard recommends 1.0 spaces per unit for transit-oriented developments. Which type of evidence is LEAST persuasive in supporting this standard?
Answer: One manager's personal experience at a single property
A single anecdotal experience has the lowest level of evidence because it lacks replication, statistical rigor, and generalizability.
When a parking study's findings cannot be applied beyond the specific facility studied, researchers describe this limitation as:
Answer: Limited external validity (generalizability)
External validity (generalizability) refers to the extent that study findings apply to other settings, populations, or times.
Which parking data collection method provides continuous real-time occupancy without field staff?
Answer: License plate recognition cameras
License plate recognition (LPR) cameras automatically capture vehicle presence and duration, enabling real-time occupancy monitoring.