CPOA Ocular Diseases & Conditions 3

Question 1

A chalazion differs from a hordeolum (stye) primarily in that a chalazion is:

Accepted Answer

A chronic, sterile, lipogranulomatous inflammation of a meibomian gland

Answer

An acute bacterial infection of the eyelash follicle

Answer

A viral infection causing painful vesicles on the eyelid

Answer

An allergic reaction causing eyelid swelling

Question 2

Episcleritis is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Sectoral or diffuse redness of the episclera that is typically self-limiting and mild

Answer

Deep, boring eye pain with decreased vision

Answer

Purulent discharge and chemosis

Answer

Elevated intraocular pressure

Question 3

A patient reports a sudden bright flash of light followed by a shower of new floaters. With no other symptoms, this most likely represents:

Accepted Answer

Posterior vitreous detachment (PVD)

Answer

Retinal detachment requiring emergency surgery

Answer

Acute angle-closure glaucoma

Answer

Optic neuritis

Question 4

Optic neuritis is most commonly associated with which systemic condition?

Accepted Answer

Multiple sclerosis

Answer

Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Answer

Hypertension

Answer

Hyperthyroidism

Question 5

Herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) results from reactivation of which virus?

Accepted Answer

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV)

Answer

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)

Answer

Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

Answer

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)

Question 6

A subconjunctival hemorrhage is best described as:

Accepted Answer

Rupture of a small conjunctival blood vessel causing a bright red patch on the white of the eye

Answer

Bleeding into the anterior chamber of the eye

Answer

Bleeding between the retina and the retinal pigment epithelium

Answer

Hemorrhage within the vitreous cavity

Question 7

Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) presents most characteristically with:

Accepted Answer

Sudden, painless, profound unilateral vision loss

Answer

Gradual, bilateral vision loss over weeks

Answer

Painful vision loss with red eye and nausea

Answer

Intermittent blurring of vision in bright light