Anatomy & Kinesiology Flashcards

Which joint type allows the greatest range of motion during a physical restraint hold?

Answer: Ball-and-socket joint

Ball-and-socket joints (like the shoulder and hip) allow multi-directional movement including flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation.

During a crisis hold, applying pressure to the brachial plexus region can cause which complication?

Answer: Temporary or permanent nerve damage affecting arm function

The brachial plexus is a network of nerves supplying the arm; compression or stretching can cause numbness, weakness, or permanent nerve injury.

The sternoclavicular joint connects which two structures?

Answer: Sternum and clavicle

The sternoclavicular joint is the articulation between the sternum (breastbone) and the proximal end of the clavicle (collarbone).

When a person is in a prone restraint position, which muscle group bears the most stress from body weight compression?

Answer: Thoracic respiratory muscles and diaphragm

In prone position, body weight compresses the thorax, restricting diaphragm excursion and intercostal expansion, elevating risk of positional asphyxia.

Which anatomical term describes movement of a limb toward the body's midline?

Answer: Adduction

Adduction moves a limb toward the midline of the body, while abduction moves it away.

The femoral nerve, if compressed during a restraint maneuver, can impair which function?

Answer: Knee extension and hip flexion

The femoral nerve innervates the quadriceps (knee extension) and hip flexors, so compression causes weakness in these movements and anterior thigh numbness.

Which type of muscle contraction occurs when a muscle generates force while lengthening?

Answer: Eccentric contraction

Eccentric contractions occur when a muscle produces tension while being lengthened, such as slowly lowering a person to the ground during a guided descent.