Human Development and Lifespan Flashcards
6 cards from real Counseling practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Human Development and Lifespan flashcards as text
Erikson's stage of 'Identity vs. Role Confusion' occurs during which developmental period?
Answer: Adolescence
Erikson's fifth psychosocial stage, Identity vs. Role Confusion, occurs during adolescence (ages 12–18) as individuals explore who they are.
Piaget's Formal Operational stage begins at approximately what age?
Answer: 11–12 years
Piaget's Formal Operational stage begins around age 11–12, when children develop the ability to think abstractly and reason about hypothetical situations.
Kohlberg's highest level of moral development is called:
Answer: Postconventional
Kohlberg's Postconventional level involves reasoning based on abstract principles of justice and universal ethical values, independent of societal laws.
Attachment theory, developed by John Bowlby, emphasizes which of the following?
Answer: The importance of early caregiver bonds for emotional development
Bowlby's attachment theory holds that the quality of early bonds with caregivers creates internal working models that shape future relationships and emotional regulation.
Which of the following best describes 'scaffolding' in Vygotsky's theory?
Answer: Support provided within a child's Zone of Proximal Development
Scaffolding involves providing temporary support that is gradually withdrawn as the learner gains competence, operating within the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD).
According to Bronfenbrenner's ecological model, the 'microsystem' refers to:
Answer: The immediate settings in which a person lives
The microsystem is the innermost level in Bronfenbrenner's model, encompassing the direct environments a person interacts with, such as family, school, and peers.