Counseling Theories and Approaches Flashcards
6 cards from real Counseling practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Counseling Theories and Approaches flashcards as text
Which theorist developed Person-Centered Therapy, emphasizing unconditional positive regard?
Answer: Carl Rogers
Carl Rogers developed Person-Centered Therapy, which emphasizes empathy, congruence, and unconditional positive regard as core therapeutic conditions.
In Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT), what are the automatic negative thoughts called that distort reality?
Answer: Cognitive distortions
Cognitive distortions are irrational thought patterns identified in CBT that negatively bias perception and contribute to emotional distress.
Adlerian therapy focuses on which core concept as a primary human motivation?
Answer: Social interest and belonging
Alfred Adler emphasized social interest (Gemeinschaftsgefühl) — the innate desire to contribute to and belong within one's community — as the hallmark of mental health.
Which therapy focuses on accepting uncomfortable thoughts rather than eliminating them?
Answer: Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)
ACT uses psychological flexibility, mindfulness, and values-based action to help clients accept unwanted inner experiences rather than fight them.
The ABC model is central to which therapeutic approach?
Answer: Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT)
Albert Ellis's REBT uses the ABC model where A=Activating event, B=Belief, and C=Consequence, showing beliefs—not events—cause emotional disturbance.
Existential therapy primarily addresses which human concern?
Answer: Freedom, responsibility, and the search for meaning
Existential therapy, associated with Yalom and May, focuses on the 'givens of existence': death, freedom, isolation, and meaninglessness.