Nail Care and Services Flashcards

What nail condition appears as white spots or streaks on the nail plate and is usually caused by minor trauma to the nail matrix?

Answer: Leukonychia

Leukonychia (white spots) results from minor trauma or injury to the nail matrix that disrupts normal keratinization of the nail plate.

When applying a base coat, how many strokes are typically used for each nail?

Answer: Two strokes on the sides followed by one down the center

The standard three-stroke method — two side strokes then one center stroke — ensures even, complete coverage of the nail plate with base coat.

Which ingredient in nail hardeners cross-links the keratin proteins in the nail plate to strengthen it?

Answer: Formaldehyde

Formaldehyde (and its safer derivative toluene sulfonamide/formaldehyde resin) cross-links keratin proteins, hardening the nail plate.

What is the purpose of a nail primer in acrylic nail application?

Answer: To improve adhesion between the natural nail and acrylic product

Nail primer chemically bonds to both the natural nail plate and the acrylic polymer, dramatically improving adhesion and reducing lifting.

A client wants a pedicure but has a small open blister on their heel. What should you do?

Answer: Refuse the service and refer the client to a physician

An open wound is a contraindication for pedicure services because it poses infection risk to the client and cross-contamination risk in the spa.

What is 'backfilling' in the context of nail enhancements?

Answer: Removing the pink acrylic from the nail bed area and replacing it during a fill

Backfilling involves removing the colored/pink acrylic from the nail bed area during a rebalance to eliminate the grown-out look and restore the smile line.

Which layer of the nail plate is responsible for the nail's natural shine?

Answer: The dorsal (top) layer

The dorsal (top) layer of the nail plate is the hardest and most densely keratinized, giving the nail its natural shine and surface smoothness.