Principles of Skin Care Flashcards

A client presents with small, benign, keratin-filled cysts that appear as tiny white bumps just under the epidermis, commonly around the eyes and cheeks. What is this condition called?

Answer: Milia

Milia are small, white, pearl-like cysts of trapped keratin that form just under the surface of the skin. They are different from comedones (clogged pores), pustules (inflamed pimples with pus), and papules (small, raised bumps without pus).

Which of the following is a primary function of the sudoriferous glands?

Answer: To regulate body temperature through perspiration

The sudoriferous (sweat) glands are essential for thermoregulation. They secrete perspiration, which cools the body as it evaporates, and also help excrete waste products. Sebum is produced by sebaceous glands, melanin by melanocytes, and collagen/elastin are proteins found in the dermis.

The outermost layer of the epidermis, which acts as the primary protective barrier against environmental factors and is continuously shed, is the:

Answer: Stratum corneum

The stratum corneum, also known as the horny layer, is the most superficial layer of the epidermis. It consists of dead, flattened cells that form a protective barrier against pathogens, dehydration, and chemicals.

A client with an oily and acne-prone skin type is receiving a facial. Which type of facial mask would be MOST beneficial for this client?

Answer: Clay/mud mask

Clay and mud masks are highly effective for oily and acne-prone skin because of their absorbent properties. They help draw out excess oil, dirt, and impurities from the pores, leading to a more mattified and refined complexion.

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a known factor in skin aging and skin cancer. What is the primary characteristic of UVA rays?

Answer: They penetrate deeper into the dermis and are primarily responsible for premature aging.

UVA rays have a longer wavelength that allows them to penetrate deeper into the skin's dermal layer, damaging collagen and elastin and leading to wrinkles and photoaging. UVB rays are the primary cause of sunburn, while Vitamin D synthesis is also stimulated by UVB.

Which of the following is classified as a secondary skin lesion?

Answer: Scar

Secondary skin lesions are changes that occur to a primary lesion or are caused by external factors like scratching or healing. A scar is a mark left on the skin after an injury has healed. Papules, pustules, and bullae are all types of primary lesions, which are the initial presentation of a skin condition.