Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards
7 cards from real Cosmetology Test practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Anatomy and Physiology flashcards as text
The dermis is divided into two layers. Which layer directly contacts the epidermis?
Answer: Papillary layer
The papillary layer is the thin, superficial portion of the dermis that interdigitates with the epidermis via dermal papillae.
Which term describes the outermost layer of the hair shaft?
Answer: Cuticle
The hair cuticle consists of overlapping scale-like cells that protect the inner cortex and medulla.
The buccinator muscle is located in the cheek and is primarily responsible for:
Answer: Compressing the cheeks against the teeth during chewing and whistling
The buccinator compresses the cheek wall, keeping food between the teeth during chewing and aiding in whistling and blowing.
Nail matrix cells undergo which process to produce new nail plate cells?
Answer: Mitosis
The nail matrix cells divide by mitosis, pushing older cells forward where they flatten and keratinize to form the nail plate.
Which cranial nerve provides sensory innervation to the skin of the face?
Answer: Trigeminal nerve (V)
The trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V) has three branches that carry sensory information from most of the face.
The catagen phase of the hair cycle is characterized by:
Answer: Transition and regression where hair growth ceases
Catagen is a brief transitional phase lasting about 2–3 weeks during which the follicle shrinks and hair growth stops.
Which structure anchors the nail plate to the underlying nail bed at the free edge end?
Answer: Hyponychium
The hyponychium is the thickened skin under the free edge of the nail plate that forms a seal preventing pathogens from entering.