Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards

Which bone forms the upper jaw and is the largest bone of the face?

Answer: Maxilla

The maxilla forms the upper jaw, the hard palate, and much of the floor and sides of the nasal cavity.

The stratum granulosum is significant because it is where:

Answer: Keratinocytes begin to flatten and produce keratin granules

In the stratum granulosum, cells accumulate keratohyalin granules and begin to lose their nuclei, preparing to become the outer protective layer.

Which type of joint allows the greatest range of motion and is most common in the limbs?

Answer: Synovial joint

Synovial joints are freely movable and contain synovial fluid that lubricates the joint cavity.

Lymph nodes function primarily to:

Answer: Filter lymph fluid and activate immune responses

Lymph nodes trap pathogens and foreign particles from lymph fluid and house lymphocytes that mount immune responses.

The temporalis muscle is involved in which primary movement?

Answer: Closing the mouth / chewing

The temporalis muscle elevates the mandible (closes the jaw) and is a major muscle of mastication.

Melanocytes are primarily located in which layer of the epidermis?

Answer: Stratum basale

Melanocytes reside in the stratum basale and produce melanin that is transferred to surrounding keratinocytes for UV protection.

The primary function of the lymphatic system relevant to cosmetology is:

Answer: Removing waste and excess fluids from tissues

The lymphatic system drains interstitial fluid and waste products from tissues, which is why lymphatic drainage massage reduces puffiness.