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COKO Anatomy and Biomechanics Flashcards

6 cards from real COKO practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. Which connective tissue connects muscle to bone?

    Answer: Tendon

    Tendons are dense fibrous connective tissues that attach muscles to bones, transmitting the force of muscular contraction to produce joint movement.

  2. Newton's third law of motion ('action-reaction') is most relevant to kinesiology when analyzing:

    Answer: Ground reaction forces during walking and running

    When the foot strikes the ground, the ground exerts an equal and opposite ground reaction force (GRF) upward, which kinesiologists measure with force plates.

  3. The hip flexor group includes all of the following EXCEPT:

    Answer: Gluteus maximus

    The gluteus maximus is the primary hip extensor, not a flexor; the iliopsoas, rectus femoris, and sartorius all contribute to hip flexion.

  4. What does 'ROM' stand for in musculoskeletal assessment?

    Answer: Range of motion

    ROM (range of motion) refers to the arc of movement of a joint, measured in degrees; kinesiologists assess both active and passive ROM to evaluate function.

  5. Which vertebral region has the greatest range of flexion and extension?

    Answer: Lumbar spine

    The lumbar spine allows the greatest degree of flexion and extension due to its large intervertebral discs and sagittal facet joint orientation.

  6. Scapular winging is most commonly caused by weakness of which muscle?

    Answer: Serratus anterior

    Serratus anterior weakness allows the medial border of the scapula to lift away from the thorax (winging), impairing shoulder elevation and overhead function.