COKO Anatomy and Biomechanics Flashcards
6 cards from real COKO practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 COKO Anatomy and Biomechanics flashcards as text
The rotator cuff is composed of which four muscles?
Answer: Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis
The rotator cuff (SITS muscles) — supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis — stabilize the glenohumeral joint by compressing the humeral head into the glenoid.
In biomechanics, the 'lever arm' (moment arm) is defined as:
Answer: The perpendicular distance from the axis of rotation to the line of force application
The moment arm is the perpendicular distance between the joint axis and the force vector, determining the torque produced by a muscle or external load.
Which type of muscle contraction occurs when the muscle produces force while lengthening?
Answer: Eccentric contraction
Eccentric contractions occur when a muscle generates force while being elongated, such as the quadriceps controlling descent during a squat.
The lumbar spine's natural curvature is called:
Answer: Lordosis
Lordosis is the normal inward (anterior) curvature of the lumbar spine; excessive lordosis is termed hyperlordosis and can contribute to low back pain.
Which muscle is primarily responsible for dorsiflexion of the ankle?
Answer: Tibialis anterior
The tibialis anterior, located on the anterolateral shin, is the primary dorsiflexor of the ankle, pulling the foot upward toward the shin.
The term 'center of mass' in human movement refers to:
Answer: The point at which the body's total mass is theoretically concentrated and balance is maintained
The center of mass is the average location of all mass in the body; its position relative to the base of support determines postural stability.