Cardiac Vascular Flashcards
7 cards from real CMSRN practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Cardiac Vascular flashcards as text
A patient is ordered to receive adenosine 6 mg IV push for SVT. What is the correct administration technique?
Answer: Administer rapidly over 1-2 seconds followed immediately by a 20 mL NS flush
Adenosine must be pushed rapidly over 1-2 seconds and followed immediately by a rapid saline flush to reach the heart before it is metabolized in peripheral circulation.
Which sign would differentiate a venous leg ulcer from an arterial leg ulcer?
Answer: Located near the medial malleolus with irregular borders and surrounding hyperpigmentation
Venous ulcers typically appear near the medial malleolus with irregular edges and surrounding lipodermatosclerosis or hyperpigmentation from hemosiderin deposits.
A patient post-CABG has a chest tube output of 250 mL in the last hour. What is the priority nursing action?
Answer: Notify the surgeon and prepare for possible return to the OR
Chest tube drainage exceeding 200 mL/hr after cardiac surgery indicates excessive bleeding and requires immediate surgical notification for possible re-exploration.
A patient with dilated cardiomyopathy is prescribed carvedilol. What is the primary reason beta-blockers are used in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF)?
Answer: To block harmful neurohormonal activation and remodel the ventricle over time
Beta-blockers counteract chronic sympathetic activation in HFrEF, reducing harmful neurohormonal effects and promoting reverse ventricular remodeling, improving long-term outcomes.
Which laboratory value requires the nurse to hold a scheduled dose of digoxin and contact the provider?
Answer: Serum digoxin level of 2.8 ng/mL
The therapeutic range for digoxin is 0.5-2.0 ng/mL; a level of 2.8 ng/mL is toxic and requires holding the dose and notifying the provider.
A patient with an acute inferior wall MI is most likely to exhibit which ECG finding?
Answer: ST elevation in leads II, III, and aVF
The inferior wall is supplied by the right coronary artery; occlusion causes ST elevation in the inferior leads II, III, and aVF.
A nurse is preparing to remove a patient's temporary transvenous pacemaker. Which action is essential before removal?
Answer: Confirm the patient has an underlying rhythm that maintains adequate perfusion
Before removing a temporary pacemaker, the nurse must confirm the patient has a stable underlying rhythm capable of maintaining adequate cardiac output without pacing support.